Mending Walls
Something there is that doesn’t love a wall,
That sends the frozen-ground-swell under it
And spills the upper boulders in the sun,
And makes gaps even two can pass abreast.
The work of hunters is another thing: 5
I have come after them and made repair
Where they have left not one stone on a stone,
But they would have the rabbit out of hiding,
To please the yelping dogs. The gaps I mean,
No one has seen them made or heard them made, 10
But at spring mending-time we find them there.
I let my neighbor know beyond the hill;
And on a day we meet to walk the line
And set the wall between us once again.
We keep the wall between us as we go. 15
To each the boulders that have fallen to each.
And some are loaves and some so nearly balls
We have to use a spell to make them balance:
“Stay where you are until our backs are turned!”
We wear our fingers rough with handling them. 20
Oh, just another kind of outdoor game,
One on a side. It comes to little more:
There where it is we do not need the wall:
He is all pine and I am apple orchard.
My apple trees will never get across 25
And eat the cones under his pines, I tell him.
He only says, “Good fences make good neighbors.”
Spring is the mischief in me, and I wonder
If I could put a notion in his head:
“Why do they make good neighbors? Isn’t it 30
Where there are cows? But here there are no cows.
Before I built a wall I’d ask to know
What I was walling in or walling out,
And to whom I was like to give offense.
Something there is that doesn’t love a wall, 35
That wants it down.” I could say “Elves” to him,
But it’s not elves exactly, and I’d rather
He said it for himself. I see him there,
Bringing a stone grasped firmly by the top
In each hand, like an old-stone savage armed. 40
He moves in darkness as it seems to me,
Not of woods only and the shade of trees.
He will not go behind his father’s saying,
And he likes having thought of it so well
He says again, “Good fences make good neighbors.” 45
And makes gaps even two can pass abreast.
The work of hunters is another thing: 5
I have come after them and made repair
Where they have left not one stone on a stone,
But they would have the rabbit out of hiding,
To please the yelping dogs. The gaps I mean,
No one has seen them made or heard them made, 10
But at spring mending-time we find them there.
I let my neighbor know beyond the hill;
And on a day we meet to walk the line
And set the wall between us once again.
We keep the wall between us as we go. 15
To each the boulders that have fallen to each.
And some are loaves and some so nearly balls
We have to use a spell to make them balance:
“Stay where you are until our backs are turned!”
We wear our fingers rough with handling them. 20
Oh, just another kind of outdoor game,
One on a side. It comes to little more:
There where it is we do not need the wall:
He is all pine and I am apple orchard.
My apple trees will never get across 25
And eat the cones under his pines, I tell him.
He only says, “Good fences make good neighbors.”
Spring is the mischief in me, and I wonder
If I could put a notion in his head:
“Why do they make good neighbors? Isn’t it 30
Where there are cows? But here there are no cows.
Before I built a wall I’d ask to know
What I was walling in or walling out,
And to whom I was like to give offense.
Something there is that doesn’t love a wall, 35
That wants it down.” I could say “Elves” to him,
But it’s not elves exactly, and I’d rather
He said it for himself. I see him there,
Bringing a stone grasped firmly by the top
In each hand, like an old-stone savage armed. 40
He moves in darkness as it seems to me,
Not of woods only and the shade of trees.
He will not go behind his father’s saying,
And he likes having thought of it so well
He says again, “Good fences make good neighbors.” 45
Summary
A
stone wall separates the speaker’s property from his neighbor’s. In spring, the
two meet to walk the wall and jointly make repairs. The speaker sees no reason
for the wall to be kept—there are no cows to be contained, just apple and pine
trees. He does not believe in walls for the sake of walls. The neighbor resorts
to an old adage: “Good fences make good neighbors.” The speaker remains
unconvinced and mischievously presses the neighbor to look beyond the
old-fashioned folly of such reasoning. His neighbor will not be swayed. The
speaker envisions his neighbor as a holdover from a justifiably outmoded era, a
living example of a dark-age mentality. But the neighbor simply repeats the
adage.
Form
Blank
verse is the baseline meter of this poem, but few of the lines march along in
blank verse’s characteristic lock-step iambs, five abreast. Frost maintains
five stressed syllables per line, but he varies the feet extensively to sustain
the natural speech-like quality of the verse. There are no stanza breaks,
obvious end-rhymes, or rhyming patterns, but many of the end-words share an
assonance (e.g., wall, hill, balls, wall, and well sun, thing, stone,mean, line, and again or game, them, and him twice). Internal rhymes, too, are subtle, slanted, and conceivably
coincidental. The vocabulary is all of a piece—no fancy words, all short (only
one word, another, is of three syllables), all conversational—and this is perhaps why the
words resonate so consummately with each other in sound and feel.
Commentary
I
have a friend who, as a young girl, had to memorize this poem as punishment for
some now-forgotten misbehavior. Forced memorization is never pleasant; still,
this is a fine poem for recital. “Mending Wall” is sonorous, homey, wry—arch,
even—yet serene; it is steeped in levels of meaning implied by its well-wrought
metaphoric suggestions. These implications inspire numerous interpretations and
make definitive readings suspect. Here are but a few things to think about as
you reread the poem.
The
image at the heart of “Mending Wall” is arresting: two men meeting on terms of
civility and neighborliness to build a barrier between them. They do so out of
tradition, out of habit. Yet the very earth conspires against them and makes
their task Sisyphean. Sisyphus, you may recall, is the figure in Greek
mythology condemned perpetually to push a boulder up a hill, only to have the
boulder roll down again. These men push boulders back on top of the wall; yet
just as inevitably, whether at the hand of hunters or sprites, or the frost and
thaw of nature’s invisible hand, the boulders tumble down again. Still, the
neighbors persist. The poem, thus, seems to meditate conventionally on three
grand themes: barrier-building (segregation, in the broadest sense of the
word), the doomed nature of this enterprise, and our persistence in this
activity regardless.
But,
as we so often see when we look closely at Frost’s best poems, what begins in
folksy straightforwardness ends in complex ambiguity. The speaker would have us
believe that there are two types of people: those who stubbornly insist on
building superfluous walls (with clichés as their justification) and those who
would dispense with this practice—wall-builders and wall-breakers. But are
these impulses so easily separable? And what does the poem really say about the
necessity of boundaries?
The
speaker may scorn his neighbor’s obstinate wall-building, may observe the
activity with humorous detachment, but he himself goes to the wall at all times
of the year to mend the damage done by hunters; it is the speaker who contacts
the neighbor at wall-mending time to set the annual appointment. Which person,
then, is the real wall-builder? The speaker says he sees no need for a wall
here, but this implies that there may be a need for a wall elsewhere— “where
there are cows,” for example. Yet the speaker must derive something, some use, some satisfaction,
out of the exercise of wall-building, or why would he initiate it here? There
is something in him that does love a wall, or at least the act of making a
wall.
This
wall-building act seems ancient, for it is described in ritual terms. It
involves “spells” to counteract the “elves,” and the neighbor appears a
Stone-Age savage while he hoists and transports a boulder. Well, wall-building is ancient and enduring—the
building of the first walls, both literal and figurative, marked the very
foundation of society. Unless you are an absolute anarchist and do not mind
livestock munching your lettuce, you probably recognize the need for literal
boundaries. Figuratively, rules and laws are walls; justice is the process of
wall-mending. The ritual of wall maintenance highlights the dual and
complementary nature of human society: The rights of the individual (property
boundaries, proper boundaries) are affirmed through the affirmation of other
individuals’ rights. And it demonstrates another benefit of community; for this
communal act, this civic “game,” offers a good excuse for the speaker to
interact with his neighbor. Wall-building is social, both in the sense of
“societal” and “sociable.” What seems an act of anti-social self-confinement
can, thus, ironically, be interpreted as a great social gesture. Perhaps the
speaker does believe that good fences make
good neighbors— for again, it is he who initiates the wall-mending.
Of
course, a little bit of mutual trust, communication, and goodwill would seem to
achieve the same purpose between well-disposed neighbors—at least where there
are no cows. And the poem says it twice: “something there is that does not love
a wall.” There is some intent and value in wall-breaking, and there is some
powerful tendency toward this destruction. Can it be simply that wall-breaking
creates the conditions that facilitate wall-building? Are the groundswells a
call to community- building—nature’s nudge toward concerted action? Or are they
benevolent forces urging the demolition of traditional, small-minded
boundaries? The poem does not resolve this question, and the narrator, who
speaks for the groundswells but acts as a fence-builder, remains a contradiction.
Many
of Frost’s poems can be reasonably interpreted as commenting on the creative
process; “Mending Wall” is no exception. On the basic level, we can find here a
discussion of the construction-disruption duality of creativity. Creation is a
positive act—a mending or a building. Even the most destructive-seeming
creativity results in a change, the building of some new state of being: If you
tear down an edifice, you create a new view for the folks living in the house
across the way. Yet creation is also disruptive: If nothing else, it disrupts
the status quo. Stated another way, disruption is creative: It is the impetus
that leads directly, mysteriously (as with the groundswells), to creation. Does
the stone wall embody this duality? In any case, there is something about
“walking the line”—and building it, mending it, balancing each stone with equal
parts skill and spell—that evokes the mysterious and laborious act of making
poetry.
On
a level more specific to the author, the question of boundaries and their worth
is directly applicable to Frost’s poetry. Barriers confine, but for some people
they also encourage freedom and productivity by offering challenging frameworks
within which to work. On principle, Frost did not write free verse. His
creative process involved engaging poetic form (the rules, tradition, and
boundaries—the walls—of the poetic world) and making it distinctly his own. By
maintaining the tradition of formal poetry in unique ways, he was
simultaneously a mender and breaker of walls.
Comments [140]
The Stones infused blues with rock n roll and they made some of the first hard rock. They were the first British bad boys. The fact that the Beatles came first is irrelevant. The Stones stayed around. You can’t argue that they should have stopped after Exile because then you lose Some Girls, Tattoo You, Steel Wheels, etc. And you just can’t dismiss albums like Bridges to Babylon and Voodoo Lounge just because they weren’t “as good” as previous albums.
The Stones have music classified under every sub-genre of rock, they do have blues, but they also have country (Wild Horses, Sweet Virginia), and some pop so it’s ridiculous to say they only stuck with the blues and one song can be incredibly different from another. They have incorporated many different sounds in their music over the years. Why would I have 566 songs by them if it’s all just the same meaningless crap?
And their lyrics are not shallow and empty. Tell me “Salt of the Earth” is not a lyrical masterpiece filled with truths. In “Coming Down Again” you have lines that read: “She was dying to survive” and “Being hungry, it aint no crime.” Tell me you can’t feel the pain in “Sister Morphine.” As for their later, lesser works, “Blinded by Rainbows” on Voodoo Lounge and “Saint of Me” on Bridges to Babylon are both bleeding with spellbinding thought and complexity. Why is saying I want to hold your hand 12 times in one song musical genius?
The problem with this debate is that non-Stones fans may only look at their immortal hits like “Sympathy for the Devil” “Brown Sugar” and “Jumping Jack Flash” which, although are great tracks, they are just the surface of the intricate universe that is the Rolling Stones. Even the string of albums starting with Beggar’s Banquet and ending with Exile on Main Street isn’t all there is to the greatest rock and roll band in the world.
Now, I was born in the late ‘90’s so I obviously wasn’t around to witness the influence these bands had on the public. It is a known fact that the Beatles were more popular and sold more records but that was because they released songs that made the public feel happy. It was music they wanted to hear. The Stones released music with truth behind every word.
And as for who had the better live performances, it was the Stones. However, it is an unfair argument since the Beatles couldn’t even be heard. But may I remind everyone that girls were attacking the Stones on the stage and they kept performing.
I have a lot of respect for the Beatles. But I’ve noticed they their status as greatest artists of all time is based off of (obviously) popularity. In another land where this honor was based off of the constant quality of music despite lack of recognition, the Stones would win out.
Although The Stones are a close second.
Rolling Stones = rock-blues-country band
But, since in live concerts Stones was (and are) by far better than Beatles, i’ll go with the greatest rock ‘n roll band in the world.
Stones= 200 million
Stones- 1
What are you gonna do Mick? You can’t do anything! Beatles are the best.
Gimme Shelter!
Live Band: Stones
Rock ‘n Roll spirit overall: Stones #1.
and talking about present beatles were the second best selling artist of decade of 2000′s
after the 40 years of seperation of band …
so who is the best no unquestionably THE BEATLES……for ever..
but STONES have the second position secured for ever
Beatles = unmatch in melodies, tune, variety, innovation. Beatles win – no contest.
I consider the Beatles to be a great pop group. Yes, The Beatles sold tons of records too, but the Stones music is still current. The Beatles music is somewhat dated.
but I found that the narative didn’t hit the mark. Was “Why Don’t We Do It In The Road” Not Sexy (like Mike) or was “Beast Of Burden” not “intellecticual enough ??
But further more the Greatest Perfoming Band EVER wasn’t the Who (I saw @ Filmore East 1970 !!) but was The Grateful
Dead. Sayz I
“We reached their greatness once, in my opinion. Stairway To Heaven is as good as any record ever made. But the Beatles were able to do it on a regular basis.”
“We reached their greatness once, in my opinion. Stairway To Heaven is as good as any record ever made. But the Beatles were able to do it on a regular basis.”
SInce you didn’t say “rock band”, no question, The Beatles.
Listen to a Stones song from 30 years ago and one of their new songs. Sounds like the same group.
Listen to “I Wanna Hold Your Hand” and then any song from their last years. They changed, evolved and weren’t afraid to try something new.
The Stones found a sound that sold and they stuck with it.
Beatles were, like all great artists, innovators.
For the sake of all things living, please stop this silly comparison.
So be it.
I also prefer to play there records then the cd’s. Third fav, The Kinks
This is in contrast to the Beatles who internalized American music and helped to innovate it. Working class heroes in the best way possible!
This is a silly argument and one that should has absolutely no merit. How could one even think that either of these two bands are and were more innovative than the other? Both bands are genius and cannot or should not be compared. Maybe, the argument should be the Monkees vs either of these two? Not Lennon, McCartney vs,Mick and Keith. And only if someone took the side of the Monkees.
I suppose the only innovative difference I see, is that the Stones made music with less chords with most of their tunes and the Beatle’s music was more orchestral? No wonder Ian stewart referred to them as “the three chord wonders”.Or was it four Bill? I forget
But then you have Rudy Tuesday and She’s a Rainbow. Quite orchestral too.So the entire argument is quite silly. Reminds me of when I was a kid and drummers would debate the merits of Ringo vs Charlie or John Bonham and Ginger Baker because of his Toad solo.
I knew better not to even argue this point when I was 12 years old.
So is the debate about live or accomplishments that were made in the studio? I will concede to the argument if we are talking live performance. You can throw the Beatle’s out the or thru the bathroom window. Studio, there is and shall be no argument from this day forward.
No one read music, they played by ear. That is genius, pure and simple.
Sounds like a question from someone who “wasn’t there”.
(Pistols hands down).
2. The Rolling Stones
3. The Who
Akshay
The last great Stones album is from at least 30 years ago, where Paul put out an amazing Fireman record (of which he played all of the instruments) a year ago.
No contest. Beatles rule!
2) They sell more records today, particularly among individuals born twenty and thirty years after they broke up.
3) They were more innovative. First came Sgt. Pepper’s and then the derivative Their Satanic Majesties Request.
4) The Beatles never produced a poor record. Every song on every album is single-worthy. Every album is different from the one that precedes it and the one that follows it. There is a point with the Rolling Stones, however, where their song writing capabilities declined.
5) The Beatles are more fun.
6) A Day in the Life, Strawberry Fields Forever, The White Album, The B-Side medley of Abbey Road, Twist and Shout.
7) Ringo Starr
Leave a Comment
Please stay on topic, be civil, and be brief.
Email addresses are never displayed, but they are required to confirm your comments. Names are displayed with all comments. We reserve the right to edit any comments posted on this site. Please read the Comment Guidelines before posting. By leaving a comment, you agree to New York Public Radio’s Privacy Policy andTerms Of Use.